MelasmaMelasma is a condition where brown or discolored patches of skin are present. Melasma primarily affects women. Dark skinned individuals, particularly Hispanics, Asians, Indians, Northern Africans or those of Middle Eastern descent present this condition more frequently than others. The symptoms of melasma are dark, irregular patches commonly found on the upper cheek, nose, lips, upper lip, and forehead. These patches may develop gradually over time. Melasma does not cause any other symptoms beyond the cosmetic discoloration. The cause of melasma is unknown. Family history of melasma, or a change in hormonal status may trigger melasma. It is commonly associated with pregnancy and called chloasma, or the "mask of pregnancy." Birth control pills may also cause melasma. Sun exposure contributes to melasma. Incidental exposure to the sun is mainly the reason for recurrences of melasma. Melasma is usually diagnosed visually or with assistance of a Wood's lamp. Treatment for Melasma:
If the melasma condition is epidermal, these treatments are effective. In patients who have melasma at the dermal level, laser treatments may actually darken or worsen the skin. Dermal melasma is generally unresponsive to most treatments, and has only been found to lighten with products containing mandelic acid. The effects of these treatments are gradual and a strict avoidance of sunlight is required. The use of broad-spectrum sunscreens with physical blockers, such as titanium dioxide and zinc dioxide is preferred over that with only chemical blockers. Recommended Sunscreens include: Obagi Sunscreen, Anthelios, and SkinCeuticals Physical UV 30. |
